![]() The emergent ray RS is not parallel to the incident ray but is deviated by an amount that depends upon the refracting angle A of the prism the refractive index n of its material and also on the angle of incidence (i) at the first surface. If a ray MN of light is incident on one surface of a prism ABC, the ray is bent at both the first and the second surface. ![]() Where the constant n is called the refractive index of the substance. The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence in vacuum (i) to the sine of the angle of refraction (r) in a substance is equal to the ratio of speed of light (v 1) in the vacuum to the speed of light in (v 2) in the substance. If light travels from a medium of greater speed to one of lesser speed, the light is bent towards the normal. When light travels from one medium to another in which its speed is different, the direction of travel of the light is changed, when light travels from the medium of lesser speed to the medium of greater speed, the light is bent away from the normal. Experiment: To draw a graph between the angle of incidence (i) and angle of deviation (δ) for a glass prism and to determine the refractive index of the glass of the prism using this graph.
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